Debate over liquor ban: Should J&K follow Gujarat model?

By: Dr Fiaz Fazili

The demand for a liquor ban in Kashmir, particularly from civil society and traditionally modest, conservative  communities, has ignited a heated debate. Supporters argue that a ban is necessary to uphold the region’s cultural and religious values, while opponents highlight potential economic repercussions, particularly for tourism. Notably, even within the same political party, legislators in Srinagar hold divergent positions on the proposed liquor ban. Given the complexity of the issue, the state administration must engage directly with civil society stakeholders to reach a balanced and inclusive resolution. This essay examines both sides of the argument, exploring the rationale for a liquor ban, the economic significance of tourism, and whether policy priorities align with religious aspirations.

The case for a liquor ban

Kashmir has a rich cultural heritage deeply intertwined with religious traditions. The majority Muslim population adheres to Islamic teachings that prohibit alcohol consumption. Additionally, other religious communities, including Hindus, Buddhists, Christians, and Sikhs, generally take a cautious approach to alcohol. Traditional Kashmiri society values sobriety and self-restraint, and the presence of liquor shops is perceived as a direct challenge to these long-standing principles. A liquor ban would align with the community’s moral and ethical standards, reinforcing Kashmir’s identity as a modest, God-fearing society.

Mitigating social issues

Alcohol consumption is linked to various societal problems, including domestic violence, crime, divorce, and public disorder. Advocates of a liquor ban believe that restricting access to alcohol could significantly reduce these social issues, fostering a more harmonious and peaceful society.

Public health concerns

The health risks associated with alcohol consumption are well-documented. Excessive drinking can lead to liver disease, cardiovascular issues, cancer, and mental health disorders. Given the existing burden on Kashmir’s healthcare infrastructure due to drug addiction and limited resources, banning liquor could promote public health and ease pressure on medical services.

Government’s moral responsibility

Some argue that the government has an ethical duty to protect citizens from the harmful effects of alcohol, particularly in a region where the majority of the population follows religious beliefs that prohibit it. Implementing a liquor ban would reinforce the government’s commitment to upholding public values, fostering trust between the state and its people.

The case against a ban

Tourism is a cornerstone of Kashmir’s economy, attracting visitors with its natural beauty, cultural richness, and historical significance. While tourists do not visit Kashmir primarily for alcohol, many, particularly from Western countries, expect its availability as part of their experience. A liquor ban might deter some visitors, affecting tourism revenue. Conducting surveys among tour operators and tourists could provide insights into whether alcohol availability influences their travel decisions.

Job losses and economic consequences

The tourism industry in Kashmir sustains thousands of livelihoods, from hotel staff and tour guides to artisans and shopkeepers. Any decline in tourism due to a liquor ban could result in widespread job losses, exacerbating economic hardships in a region already grappling with limited employment opportunities.

Personal freedom and social harmony

Critics argue that a blanket liquor ban would infringe on individual freedom and choice. While respecting cultural and religious values is essential, it is equally important to acknowledge that not everyone in Kashmir shares the same beliefs. A ban could be seen as imposing the will of the majority on the minority, potentially leading to resentment and social tensions.

Challenges in enforcement

Enforcing a liquor ban presents significant challenges. Prohibition could lead to the rise of an illegal alcohol market, making it difficult to regulate and control. This, in turn, could increase the consumption of unsafe and unregulated alcohol, posing even greater health risks. Furthermore, diverting law enforcement resources to uphold a ban may take attention away from pressing issues such as education and healthcare.

Realigning priorities: Tradition vs. economic growth

The debate over a liquor ban in Kashmir highlights the need to balance cultural preservation with economic development. While many prioritize religious and social values, others emphasize the importance of economic growth in improving the quality of life. Policymakers must navigate these competing interests carefully.

Potential compromises

Rather than an outright ban, the government could explore regulatory measures such as restricting alcohol sales to specific areas or enforcing stricter licensing requirements. Engaging stakeholders—including religious leaders, business owners, civil society organizations, and tourists—could help shape a policy that respects cultural values while mitigating economic losses.

Community engagement and consensus

Meaningful community engagement is crucial in shaping policies that reflect public sentiment. Policymakers should facilitate open discussions and seek consensus on regulations that serve the broader interests of Kashmiri society.

The call for a liquor ban in Kashmir is a multifaceted issue encompassing cultural, religious, social, and economic considerations. While proponents argue that a ban would preserve traditional values and improve public health, opponents raise valid concerns about economic repercussions and personal freedoms. Rather than treating the issue as a political tool, it should be addressed as a civil concern guided by public interest. Policymakers must strike a balance between tradition and economic realities through open dialogue, ensuring that Kashmir remains both a cherished tourist destination and a region that respects its residents’ values.

(Author is medical doctor, contributes columns on social, moral issues and can be reached at [email protected])