J&K lost 2,372 kanals of wetlands in last decade: Report

Jahangeer Ganaie

Srinagar, Feb 03: According to a report by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MOSPI), Jammu & Kashmir has lost over 120 hectares (2,372 kanals) of wetlands between 2006-07 and 2017-18. The total wetland area decreased from 1,64,230 hectares in 2006-07 to 1,64,110 hectares in 2017-18. The number of wetlands reduced from 404 to 403 during the same period.

While calling for stronger conservation efforts and an urgent need to preserve these natural ecosystems for future generations, Wildlife Department of Kashmir said wetlands are not wastelands but vital biodiversity hotspots that provide critical habitats for countless plant and animal species.

Officials from the department said that wetlands play an indispensable role in protecting and improving water quality, providing habitats for fish and wildlife, storing floodwaters and maintaining surface water flow during dry periods.

“Wetlands are unique, productive ecosystems where terrestrial and aquatic habitats meet. They are crucial for maintaining natural cycles and supporting diverse biodiversity. Acting as natural sponges, they help mitigate the impacts of floods and droughts, protect coastlines, and contribute significantly to climate change resilience,” they said.

These ecosystems perform a range of vital functions, including nutrient recycling, water purification, flood attenuation, groundwater recharge and provision of drinking water, fish, fodder and fuel, the officials said, adding that they also offer wildlife habitats, regulate urban runoff, buffer shorelines against erosion, and serve as recreational spaces for society.

Officials called for reducing, reusing and recycling waste to protect wetlands from pollution. “Protecting the environment helps protect wetlands, especially since waste can easily find its way into water bodies. The simplest way to contribute is by minimizing household waste,” they added.

A senior official from the Wildlife Department of Kashmir said that many people mistakenly view wetlands as wastelands and fail to recognise their status as biodiversity hotspots. “Water bodies are among the most productive ecosystems, and it’s crucial to protect and restore them. Awareness is key, which is why we observe days dedicated to wetland conservation to educate the public,” he said.

The official outlined several challenges threatening wetlands, particularly in urban areas. These include encroachment, solid waste disposal, silt accumulation, and poaching. “Sanitation issues and human settlements near wetlands exacerbate these problems. Almost every wetland in Jammu and Kashmir is struggling with silt accumulation,” he added.

While poaching remains a concern, the department said it is actively enforcing legal measures against offenders. “Poaching is strictly prohibited. We take legal action against those involved whenever such incidents come to light,” the official said.

Every year, lakhs of migratory birds visit the wetlands of Kashmir. Officials believe their numbers could increase with better wetland management and public cooperation. Restoration efforts are currently underway to revive navigation channels in several wetlands that had been blocked. Two channels have already been restored, with work ongoing on others.

“We urge people to support these efforts. Migratory birds are our seasonal guests, and it’s our collective responsibility to ensure their habitats are protected,” the official appealed. —(KNO)