The proposal to shift the National Institute of Technology (NIT) Srinagar to a 600-acre piece of prime horticultural land in Pulwama is more than just a debate over land acquisition; it is a stark choice between development and destruction of agriculture and rural livelihoods. In the midst of this controversy lies a crucial question: should we sacrifice centuries-old livelihoods and a Kashmir’s ecological balance for the sake of a campus that is already beautiful, big and could be expanded at its current site, if needed?
Pulwama, especially the area around Newa, has long been an important area of agricultural prosperity in South Kashmir. The fertile karewa lands, where generations have cultivated almonds, and now high-density apples, have not only supported villagers’ livelihoods there but also helped governments in J&K relieve pressure for jobs.
The proposed takeover of 4,834 kanals (approximately 600 acres) of this valuable agricultural land for a new NIT Srinagar campus threatens this productive agricultural land and even displace thousands of families. The loss of such fertile land would push many farmers into financial despair, with some even fearing the descent into poverty so deep that begging for survival could become their only option. This is not an exaggeration, but a real prospect in Kashmir now because farmers in these areas rely on farming as their primary source of income.
As highlighted by environmentalists, this kind of land is not only agriculturally valuable but also plays a critical role in maintaining the local ecosystem. The apple orchards act as carbon sinks, mitigate air pollution, and provide habitats for pollinators—bees, butterflies, and other vital species. Destroying this delicate ecosystem for a new campus would be a reckless decision that disregards both environmental sustainability and local livelihoods.
Further compounding the issue is the lack of proper consultation with the affected communities. The ongoing absence of Panchayat elections and the sidelining of local bodies in the decision-making process highlights a top-down approach, which fails to engage with those most impacted by such decisions. The residents of Pulwama, many of whom have taken out bank loans to invest in high-density apple farming, have not been adequately heard, and their rights to land they have cultivated for generations are being ignored.
The government must reassess its priorities. NIT Srinagar’s shift to Pulwama is not worth the cost of displacing thousands of farmers and jeopardizing the region’s future. Its current Hazratbal campus is beautiful, big and has a great scope for expansion. The modern concept of development of educational institutions is not large swathes of horizontal campuses but smart and optimum use of vertical space. The government should explore expansion of the existing NIT Hazratbal campus if greater space is really required.
J&K is already struggling with high unemployment and further marginalizing the agricultural sector would be a step backward. J&K needs to adopt a model of development that respects its agricultural resource without sacrificing the livelihoods of its people.
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