By: Dr. PARSHANT BAKSHI
Dragon fruit (Hylocereus spp.), commonly known as ‘pitaya’, is fast emerging as a promising exotic fruit in India, thanks to its nutritional richness, unique appearance, and increasing health-conscious consumer base. Originally native to Central America, this vibrant cactus fruit has found its way to Indian farms, including the promising landscapes of the Jammu region.
With its ability to thrive in harsh climates and minimal water requirements, dragon fruit presents a golden opportunity for diversification in horticulture in Jammu region.
Recognizing its vast potential, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu (SKUAST-Jammu) has taken a leading role in promoting the crop through research, field demonstrations, and farmer training.
Why Jammu Is Ideal for Dragon Fruit
The sub-tropical belts of Jammu such as Akhnoor, R.S. Pura, Samba, Kathua, and parts of Udhampur and Reasi offer favourable conditions for dragon fruit cultivation. The crop thrives in semi-arid to sub-humid climates, requires well-drained sandy loam soils, and can withstand high temperatures, even up to 40°C. Its low water and input needs make it an ideal candidate for marginal and rain-fed areas.
Dragon fruit is also climate-resilient, making it suitable for farmers adapting to changing weather patterns. Its cultivation is not only sustainable but also profitable, offering a long-term source of income once established.
A Profitable and Growing Market
With rising demand for superfoods and health-oriented products, dragon fruit is becoming popular in urban markets. It is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and fiber, making it a go-to choice for health-conscious consumers. Besides fresh consumption, it is processed into juices, jams, candies, and even cosmetics.
From a cultivation perspective, dragon fruit begins yielding within 12–15 months and continues to produce fruit for 15–20 years. If managed well, one acre of area can yield 8–12 tonnes annually. Depending on quality and market, prices range from ₹150 to ₹300 per kg—translating into a high return on investment.
SKUAST-Jammu’s Multi-Pronged Support
To harness this potential, SKUAST-Jammu has undertaken comprehensive initiatives across research, demonstration, capacity-building, and entrepreneurship development:
1.Research and Field Trials
The Division of Fruit Science is conducting trials to standardize the best propagation methods. One study showed that 25–30 cm long cuttings planted in March gave better survival and growth than those planted in August. Trials under the Holistic Agriculture Development Programme (HADP) are evaluating various red- and white-fleshed genotypes in local conditions, showing encouraging results in growth, flowering, and fruiting.
Another trial in the orchard of Mr. Harbans Choudhary, a progressive farmer from Muthi, demonstrated that applying Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) significantly improved yield and fruit quality.
2.Demonstration and Awareness
Demonstration units at university research farms are showcasing good agricultural practices such as planting systems, trellising, irrigation, and nutrient management. Farmers are regularly invited for on-site training and exposure visits to witness successful models first-hand.
3.Advisory and Capacity Building
Through its Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) and Directorate of Extension, SKUAST-Jammu provides on-ground support to farmers. Training programs, technical bulletins, and field advisories are helping farmers adopt the crop with confidence. A region-specific package of practices shall also being developed.
4.Boosting Agri-Entrepreneurship
The university actively supports agri-entrepreneurs and FPOs (Farmer Producer Organizations) in value addition, branding, and marketing of fruit crops. Market linkages and buyer connections are being facilitated to build a strong supply chain.
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Challenges That Need Addressing