War and senior citizens: Consequences and challenges

BY: DR. FIAZ MAQBOOL FAZILI

War and armed conflict have catastrophic consequences for all individuals in affected regions, but older adults are among the most vulnerable groups. Senior citizens living in war zones, conflict areas, or disturbed regions like Kashmir face immense socio-spatial, mental, and physical stress. The devastating effects of war extend beyond immediate dangers, leading to long-term health complications, psychological trauma, and socio-economic instability. Older adults, already dealing with age-related vulnerabilities, suffer disproportionately due to disrupted healthcare, displacement, and loss of social support systems. This writeup explores the consequences and challenges faced by senior citizens in war-affected areas, emphasising the urgent need for protection, social support,rehabilitation  policy revision and conflict prevention.
Peace is always a welcome step, especially for senior citizens who value harmony and tranquility. Having experienced life’s challenges, they deeply appreciate peace and actively promote it. Their wisdom and patience inspire younger generations to embrace unity and avoid conflict. Let us hail peace, cherish it, and work together to foster a world free from violence. Senior citizens lead by example, proving that peace is the foundation of a happy, prosperous societ

Older adults in war zones experience severe physical health challenges due to disrupted medical services, malnutrition, and exposure to violence. Many suffer from chronic illnesses such as diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease, which require consistent medical care—often unavailable or compromised in conflict zones. Bombings, shelling, sirens, blackout  and security operations force many to migrate towards safer areas , leaving behind medications and medical records and their valued shelter-the home they had built for old age .Many elderly are on life support which run on electricity do get compromised during prolonged power-cuts or black outs and in case there is a siren for moving to a safer place , it may not be possible to move such equipment along with essentials.

Additionally, mobility issues make evacuation difficult, increasing their risk of injury or death. Many Senior citizens who live alone don’t have helpers to support during such exercises or difficult period’s. Compromised living conditions in makeshift places or temporary shelters even in the basement of houses  exacerbate health problems especially mental health, with limited access to clean water, sanitation, wash room and nutrition issues make it more stressful . The lack of proper healthcare infrastructure or social support means that treatable conditions become life-threatening, leading to higher mortality rates among elderly populations in war zones.

The psychological toll of war on senior citizens is profound. Many older adults have lived through multiple conflicts, accumulating trauma over decades. In regions like Kashmir, where conflict has persisted for years, elderly individuals suffer from chronic stress, anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Witnessing violence, losing dear near ones, even news of loss of human life or houses is stressful  and enduring displacement contributes to severe emotional distress. Unlike younger generations, older adults may lack coping mechanisms or access to mental health services. Traditional family structures, which once provided emotional support, are often shattered by war, leaving many seniors isolated and abandoned. The constant fear of violence and instability further deteriorates their mental well-being, leading to conditions like insomnia, paranoia, and even suicidal tendencies.

War disrupts the socio-economic stability of older adults, many of whom rely on pensions, family support, or small businesses for survival. In conflict zones, economic collapse leads to hyperinflation, unemployment, and the destruction of livelihoods. Older individuals, who may no longer be able to work, face extreme poverty and food insecurity.Additionally, displacement separates them from their communities, cutting off social networks that provide emotional and financial support. In many cultures, elders are respected and cared for by their families, but war forces younger generations to migrate, leaving seniors behind without caregivers. This abandonment deepens their vulnerability, making them dependent on humanitarian aid, which is often insufficient.

Undoubtedly there are challenges in accessing humanitarian aid from social welfare departments or any NGO  despite their vulnerability, older adults are frequently overlooked in humanitarian responses. Social welfare , care of elderly aid programs often prioritise women and children, neglecting the specific needs of the elderly. Mobility issues prevent many seniors from reaching distribution or support centers if they exist , while lack of awareness about available services further isolates them.

Moreover, age-related conditions like hearing or vision impairments make communication difficult, preventing them from accessing medical or psychological support. In conflict zones like Kashmir, where curfews, hartals and safety(security) impose restrictions that limit mobility and movement, obtaining essential supplies becomes nearly impossible for the elderly.

 A heavy price is paid in long-term consequences and intergenerational trauma. The effects of war on older adults are not limited to immediate suffering; they extend into long-term health and social consequences. Many develop chronic illnesses due to prolonged stress and malnutrition. Those who survive conflict often carry psychological scars for the rest of their lives, affecting their ability to reintegrate into society.Furthermore, war trauma is often passed down through generations. Older adults who experienced violence in their youth may exhibit symptoms of PTSD even in old age, influencing family dynamics and community resilience. The loss of cultural elders also means the erosion of traditional knowledge and social cohesion, weakening post-war recovery efforts.

Given the severe consequences of war on senior citizens, the need for protection targeted policy interventions are necessary to protect this vulnerable group needs review. Humanitarian organisations ( NGO’s) must prioritise elderly care in conflict zones by establishing mobile healthcare units for older adults, providing psychological counselling and trauma support, ensuring accessible aid distribution for those with mobility issues creating safe spaces and shelters specifically for seniors. Governments and international bodies must also advocate for policies that protect older adults in war zones, including ceasefire agreements that allow humanitarian access. Post-conflict rehabilitation programs should include elderly-focused initiatives to restore their dignity and well-being.

Senior citizens in war zones endure immense physical, mental, and socio-economic hardships, often with little support. The catastrophic nature of armed conflict exacerbates age-related vulnerabilities, leaving older adults in a perpetual state of distress. While immediate humanitarian aid is crucial, long-term solutions must focus on conflict prevention, elder-inclusive policies, and trauma recovery. War is a humanitarian disaster at all levels, but its impact on the elderly is particularly devastating. Efforts must be made not only to mitigate its effects but to prevent war altogether, ensuring a safer, more dignified life for all generation.